{"id":18562,"date":"2014-10-28T06:21:15","date_gmt":"2014-10-27T22:21:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/2014\/10\/28\/pacman-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4\/"},"modified":"2021-03-18T17:24:08","modified_gmt":"2021-03-18T09:24:08","slug":"pacman-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/2014\/10\/28\/pacman-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4\/","title":{"rendered":"pacman \u6307\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"

pacman \u662f ArchLinux \u7528\u4f86\u7ba1\u7406\u5957\u4ef6\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u76f8\u7576\u65bc RedHat \/ CentOS \u7684 yum \/ rpm \u53ca Debian \/ Ubuntu \u7684 apt-* \/ dpkg\u3002
\u53c3\u8003\u7db2\u7ad9\uff1apacman (\u6b63\u9ad4\u4e2d\u6587) – ArchWiki<\/a>
\u66f4\u65b0\u5957\u4ef6\u5eab
# pacman -Syy<\/span>
Debian \/ Ubuntu<\/span>
# apt-get update<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# yum update<\/span><\/p>\n

\u66f4\u65b0\u5df2\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u5957\u4ef6
# pacman -Syu<\/span>
# pacman -S –refresh –sysupgrade<\/span>
# pacman -S -y -u<\/span>
Debian \/ Ubuntu<\/span>
# apt-get upgrade<\/span>
# apt-get dist-upgrade<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# yum update<\/span>[@more@]<\/p>\n

\u5c0b\u627e\u5957\u4ef6
# pacman -Ss ncftp<\/span>
# pacman -S –search ncftp<\/span>
extra\/ncftp 3.2.5-4<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A set of free application programs implementing FTP<\/span>
Debian \/ Ubuntu<\/span>
# apt-cache search ncftp<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# yum search ncftp<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88dd\u5957\u4ef6
# pacman -S\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
Debian \/ Ubuntu<\/span>
# apt-get install\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
# dpkg -i\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u6a94\u6848\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# yum install\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
# rpm -ivh\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u6a94\u6848\u540d\u7a31<\/span><\/p>\n

\u67e5\u770b\u5957\u4ef6\u7fa4\u7d44\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5957\u4ef6
# pacman -Sg gnome<\/span>
# pacman -S –group gnome<\/span>
gnome baobab<\/span>
gnome empathy<\/span>
gnome eog<\/span>
gnome epiphany<\/span>
gnome evince<\/span>
gnome gdm<\/span>
gnome gnome-backgrounds<\/span>
gnome gnome-calculator<\/span>
gnome gnome-contacts<\/span>
gnome gnome-control-center<\/span>
gnome gnome-desktop<\/span>
gnome gnome-dictionary<\/span>
gnome gnome-disk-utility<\/span>
gnome gnome-font-viewer<\/span>
gnome gnome-icon-theme<\/span>
gnome gnome-icon-theme-extras<\/span>
gnome gnome-icon-theme-symbolic<\/span>
gnome gnome-keyring<\/span>
gnome gnome-screenshot<\/span>
gnome gnome-session<\/span>
gnome gnome-settings-daemon<\/span>
gnome gnome-shell<\/span>
gnome gnome-shell-extensions<\/span>
gnome gnome-system-log<\/span>
gnome gnome-system-monitor<\/span>
gnome gnome-terminal<\/span>
gnome gnome-themes-standard<\/span>
gnome gnome-user-docs<\/span>
gnome gnome-user-share<\/span>
gnome grilo-plugins<\/span>
gnome gucharmap<\/span>
gnome mousetweaks<\/span>
gnome mutter<\/span>
gnome nautilus<\/span>
gnome sushi<\/span>
gnome totem<\/span>
gnome tracker<\/span>
gnome vino<\/span>
gnome xdg-user-dirs-gtk<\/span>
gnome yelp<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# yum groupinfo “PHP Support”<\/span>
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror<\/span>
Setting up Group Process<\/span>
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile<\/span><\/p>\n

Group: PHP Support<\/span>
\u00a0Description: PHP web application framework.<\/span>
\u00a0Mandatory Packages:<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php<\/span>
\u00a0Default Packages:<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-gd<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-pdo<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-pear<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-xml<\/span>
\u00a0Optional Packages:<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-ldap<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-mysql<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-odbc<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-pecl-apc<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-pecl-memcache<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-pgsql<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-soap<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0 php-xmlrpc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u79fb\u9664\u5957\u4ef6
# pacman -Rc<\/span>
# pacman -R –cascade<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 remove packages and all packages that depend on them<\/span>
# pacman -Rd<\/span>
# pacman -R –nodeps<\/span>\u00a0 skip dependency version checks (-dd to skip all checks)<\/span>
# pacman -Ru<\/span>
# pacman -R –unneeded<\/span>\u00a0 remove unneeded packages<\/span><\/p>\n

# pacman -R\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
Debian \/ Ubuntu<\/span>
# apt-get remove\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
# dpkg -r\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# yum remove\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
# rpm -e \u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span><\/p>\n

\u79fb\u9664\u5957\u4ef6\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\u5957\u4ef6
# pacman -R –recursive \u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
# pacman -Rs\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span><\/p>\n

\u79fb\u9664\u5957\u4ef6\u4f46\u4e0d\u79fb\u9664\u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\u7684\u5957\u4ef6
# pacman -Rdd\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span><\/p>\n

\u79fb\u9664\u5957\u4ef6\u4e5f\u4e00\u4f75\u522a\u9664\u8a2d\u5b9a\u6a94
# pacman -Rn\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
# pacman -R –nosave \u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
Debian \/ Ubuntu<\/span>
# apt-get remove –purge\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
# dpkg -P\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span><\/p>\n

\u67e5\u8a62\u5df2\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u5957\u4ef6\u8cc7\u8a0a
# pacman -Q –info dnsutils<\/span>
# pacman -Qi dnsutils<\/span>
Name\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : dnsutils<\/span>
Version\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : 9.9.2.P2-2<\/span>
Description\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : DNS utilities: dig host nslookup<\/span>
Architecture\u00a0\u00a0 : armv6h<\/span>
URL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : http:\/\/www.isc.org\/software\/bind\/<\/span>
Licenses\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : custom:ISC<\/span>
Groups\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : None<\/span>
Provides\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : None<\/span>
Depends On\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : openssl\u00a0 krb5\u00a0 idnkit\u00a0 dnssec-anchors<\/span>
Optional Deps\u00a0 : None<\/span>
Required By\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : None<\/span>
Optional For\u00a0\u00a0 : None<\/span>
Conflicts With : None<\/span>
Replaces\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : bind-tools\u00a0 host<\/span>
Installed Size : 1857.00 KiB<\/span>
Packager\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : Arch Linux ARM Build System <builder+xu4@archlinuxarm.org><\/span>
Build Date\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : Wed Jul 2 11:59:28 2014<\/span>
Install Date\u00a0\u00a0 : Mon Sep 29 00:11:31 2014<\/span>
Install Reason : Explicitly installed<\/span>
Install Script : No<\/span>
Validated By\u00a0\u00a0 : SHA256 Sum<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# rpm -qi\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5957\u4ef6\u5b89\u88dd\u4f4d\u7f6e
# pacman -Q –list dnsutils<\/span>
# pacman -Ql dnsutils<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/bin\/<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/bin\/dig<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/bin\/host<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/bin\/nslookup<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/share\/<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/share\/licenses\/<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/share\/licenses\/dnsutils\/<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/share\/licenses\/dnsutils\/LICENSE<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/share\/man\/<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/dig.1.gz<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/host.1.gz<\/span>
dnsutils \/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/nslookup.1.gz<\/span>
Debian \/ Ubuntu<\/span>
# dpkg -L\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# rpm -ql\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span>
# repoquery –verbose -l \u5957\u4ef6\u540d\u7a31<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5217\u51fa\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u5957\u4ef6
# pacman -Q –search<\/span>
# pacman -Qs<\/span>
# pacman -Qs | grep local | awk -F’\/’ ‘{print $2}’<\/span>
Debian \/ Ubuntu<\/span>
# dpkg -l<\/span>
# dpkg -l | grep ^ii | awk ‘{print $2}’<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# rpm -qa<\/span><\/p>\n

\u67e5\u8a62\u7cfb\u7d71\u6709\u7121\u5b89\u88dd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5957\u4ef6
# pacman -Qs vim<\/span>
# pacman -Qs vim | grep local | awk -F’\/’ ‘{print $2}’<\/span>
vim 7.4.473-1<\/span>
vim-runtime 7.4.473-1<\/span>
# pacman -Qs vim | grep local | awk -F’\/’ ‘{print $2}’ | awk ‘{print $1}’<\/span>
vim<\/span>
vim-runtime<\/span>
Debian \/ Ubuntu<\/span>
# dpkg -l | grep vim<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# rpm -qa | grep vim<\/span><\/p>\n

\u67e5\u8a62\u672a\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u5957\u4ef6\u8cc7\u8a0a
# pacman -Si ncftp<\/span>
Repository\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : extra<\/span>
Name\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : ncftp<\/span>
Version\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : 3.2.5-4<\/span>
Description\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : A set of free application programs implementing FTP<\/span>
Architecture\u00a0\u00a0 : armv6h<\/span>
URL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : http:\/\/www.ncftp.com\/<\/span>
Licenses\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : custom<\/span>
Groups\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : None<\/span>
Provides\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : None<\/span>
Depends On\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : ncurses<\/span>
Optional Deps\u00a0 : None<\/span>
Conflicts With : None<\/span>
Replaces\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : None<\/span>
Download Size\u00a0 : 198.77 KiB<\/span>
Installed Size : 997.00 KiB<\/span>
Packager\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : Arch Linux ARM Build System <builder+xu4@archlinuxarm.org><\/span>
Build Date\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : Fri Mar 7 21:14:08 2014<\/span>
Validated By\u00a0\u00a0 : MD5 Sum\u00a0 SHA256 Sum\u00a0 Signature<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# rpm -qpi ncftp<\/span><\/p>\n

\u67e5\u8a62\u6a94\u6848\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u5957\u4ef6
# pacman -Q –owns \/etc\/vimrc<\/span>
# pacman -Qo \/etc\/vimrc<\/span>
\/etc\/vimrc is owned by vim-runtime 7.4.459-1<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# rpm -qf \/etc\/vimrc<\/span>
Debian \/ Ubuntu<\/span>
# dpkg-query -S<\/span> \/etc\/vimrc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5217\u51fa\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u7528\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u5957\u4ef6
# pacman -Qdt<\/span>
libgssglue 0.4-2<\/span><\/p>\n

\u79fb\u9664\u5b89\u88dd\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u5957\u4ef6\u6642\u4e0b\u8f09\u7684\u5b89\u88dd\u6a94
\u6e05\u9664 \/var\/lib\/pacman<\/span> \u548c \/var\/cache\/pacman\/pkg<\/span> \u76ee\u9304
# pacman -Scc<\/span>

Cache directory: \/var\/cache\/pacman\/pkg\/<\/span>
:: Do you want to remove ALL files from cache? [y\/N] y<\/span>
removing all files from cache…<\/span><\/p>\n

Database directory: \/var\/lib\/pacman\/<\/span>
:: Do you want to remove unused repositories? [Y\/n] y<\/span>
removing unused sync repositories…<\/span>
Debian \/ Ubuntu<\/span>
# apt-get clean all<\/span>
# apt-get autoclean<\/span>
RedHat \/ CentOS<\/span>
# yum clean all<\/span><\/p>\n

pacman \u7248\u672c\u8cc7\u8a0a
# pacman -V<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0.–.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pacman v4.1.2 – libalpm v8.0.2<\/span>
\/ _.-‘ .-.\u00a0 .-.\u00a0 .-.\u00a0\u00a0 Copyright (C) 2006-2013 Pacman Development Team<\/span>
\u00a0 ‘-. ‘-‘\u00a0 ‘-‘\u00a0 ‘-‘\u00a0\u00a0 Copyright (C) 2002-2006 Judd Vinet<\/span>
\u00a0‘–‘<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 This program may be freely redistributed under<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 the terms of the GNU General Public License.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

pacman \u662f ArchLinux \u7528\u4f86\u7ba1\u7406\u5957\u4ef6\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u76f8\u7576\u65bc RedHat \/ CentOS \u7684 yum … <\/p>\n

\u95b1\u8b80\u5168\u6587\u3008pacman \u6307\u4ee4\u3009<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":55,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[167],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18562","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c-84386"],"meta_key":{"_pingme":["1"],"_encloseme":["1"],"lt_post_id":["520115"]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18562"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/55"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18562"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18562\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20193,"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18562\/revisions\/20193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18562"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18562"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18562"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}