{"id":18375,"date":"2014-07-23T06:33:31","date_gmt":"2014-07-22T22:33:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/2014\/07\/23\/sudo-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4\/"},"modified":"2014-07-23T06:33:31","modified_gmt":"2014-07-22T22:33:31","slug":"sudo-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/2014\/07\/23\/sudo-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4\/","title":{"rendered":"sudo \u6307\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4e0d\u5efa\u8b70\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 root \u4f86\u767b\u5165\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5efa\u8b70\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u767b\u5165\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u9808\u8981\u505a\u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u6642\uff0c\u518d\u4f7f\u7528 su –\u00a0 \u5207\u63db\u6210 root \u8eab\u4efd\u4f86\u57f7\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u6642\u5728\u591a\u4eba\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u628a root \u7684\u5bc6\u78bc\u76f4\u63a5\u544a\u8a34\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u7528 sudo \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5728\u5207\u63db\u6210 root \u8eab\u4efd\u6642\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8f38\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bc6\u78bc\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7522\u751f log \u6a94\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u505a\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7a3d\u6838\u3002
\u5efa\u7acb\u4f7f\u7528\u8005
# useradd t850008<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5bc6\u78bc
# passwd t850008<\/span>
[@more@]
# visudo<\/span>
\u52a0\u5165\u4e0b\u9762\u4e8c\u884c\uff0c\u8b93\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u6240\u6709 root \u7684\u6b0a\u9650
# add at the last line: user ‘t850008’ can use all root privilege<\/span>
t850008\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ALL=(ALL)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ALL<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5207\u63db\u5230 t850008 \u4f7f\u7528\u8005
# su – t850008<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5217\u51fa \/etc\/shadow \u5167\u5bb9
$ cat \/etc\/shadow<\/span>
cat: \/etc\/shadow: \u62d2\u7d55\u4e0d\u7b26\u6b0a\u9650\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 sudo \u6307\u4ee4\u4e26\u5217\u51fa \/etc\/shadow \u7b2c 2-5 \u884c\u7684\u5167\u5bb9
$ sudo cat \/etc\/shadow | sed -n ‘2,5p’<\/span><\/p>\n

We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System<\/span>
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #1) Respect the privacy of others.<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #2) Think before you type.<\/span>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #3) With great power comes great responsibility.<\/span><\/p>\n

[sudo] password for t850008:<\/span><\/p>\n

bin:*:16231:0:99999:7:::<\/span>
daemon:*:16231:0:99999:7:::<\/span>
adm:*:16231:0:99999:7:::<\/span>
lp:*:16231:0:99999:7:::<\/span><\/p>\n

\u505a\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u9650\u5236
\u8b93\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7121\u6cd5\u95dc\u6a5f\u6216\u91cd\u65b0\u555f\u52d5\u7cfb\u7d71
# visudo<\/span>
t850008\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ALL=(ALL)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ALL,!SHUTDOWN<\/span>
Cmnd_Alias SHUTDOWN = \/sbin\/halt, \/sbin\/shutdown, \/sbin\/poweroff, \/sbin\/reboot, \/sbin\/init<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5207\u63db\u5230 t850008 \u4f7f\u7528\u8005
# su – t850008<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7121\u6cd5\u91cd\u65b0\u958b\u6a5f
$ sudo \/sbin\/shutdown -r now<\/span>
[sudo] password for t850008:<\/span>
Sorry, user t850008 is not allowed to execute ‘\/sbin\/shutdown -r now’ as root on localhost.home.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4e0d\u5efa\u8b70\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 root \u4f86\u767b\u5165\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5efa\u8b70\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u767b\u5165\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u9808\u8981\u505a\u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u6642\uff0c\u518d\u4f7f\u7528 su … <\/p>\n

\u95b1\u8b80\u5168\u6587\u3008sudo \u6307\u4ee4\u3009<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":55,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18375","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c-78462"],"meta_key":{"_pingme":["1"],"_encloseme":["1"],"lt_post_id":["511922"]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18375"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/55"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18375"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18375\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18375"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18375"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2blog.ilc.edu.tw\/25793\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18375"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}